How can Human Traffic be seen as a metaphor for the effects model and gratifications model of media?

How can Human Traffic be seen as a metaphor for the effects model and gratifications model of media?

Human traffic can be seen as a metaphor for both these model through the use of drugs in the film.

The effects model is the hypodermic model. This sees the audience as duped and doped. In this case the film Human Traffic film could be seen as a metaphor in the way that in the film they suggest how when on drugs a confidence boost, this may make the audience feel that the movie is almost advertising drugs, the example of this is when at a party when the characters are high they manage to socialise to people and have their confidence to do this, which they would not have normally had if they were not on drugs, this may fit into the effects model because the audience may be duped into thinking that they can take drugs in a similar situation and it would be alright to do so. However it is not so later in the film when the characters experience the come down effects of taking drugs and all the confidence is taken away and replaced with a feeling of isolation.

The gratifications model can be seen as more power to the people. This is when an audience actively seeks out media; they are typically seeking it in order to gratify a need. Human traffic cane be seen as gratifying the need in the way that drugs are represented, as in a way drugs are positively shown throughout the production maybe this is what the audience wants to see and this is why they have actively found and watched human traffic and this show signs of the use and gratifications model.